On August 20th, scientists from Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom published a paper in Nature, stating that the formation of diamonds may be related to the water cycle deep in the Earth—the seawater moves into the mantle with the plate and forms molten silicic acid. Salt and carbonate minerals create conditions for the formation of diamonds.
Scientists have studied 11 small rough diamonds from the Ekati mine in northwestern Canada and found that these diamonds contain tiny millions of liquid inclusions, including "spiky olivine" formed in high temperature and high pressure environments. (Ring woodite, the homogeneous olivine of the olivine), so scientists speculate that the water in the diamond-forming environment is likely to come from the seawater that penetrates into the earth's crust.
According to scientists' speculation, seawater penetrates into the Earth's interior along the oceanic plate and accumulates under pressure in the northwestern part of Canada, producing a large amount of molten silicate and carbonate minerals, which undergo hot water exchange in the mantle. The formation of diamonds has made today's Ekati diamond mine.
Low-quality Ekati ore rough diamonds containing large amounts of liquid inclusions were formed about a few million years ago, while diamonds with few high-quality impurities in the same mining area were supposed to be formed by the same rough in billions of years.
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