The ornaments of the Zhou Dynasty are very rich. A necklace string is often made up of a variety of small pieces of different materials and shapes. Some string ornaments are bold and well-ordered. Based on the existing information, the combination of Zhou Dynasty items can be roughly divided into four types.
One is a variety of different styles, different colors of small ornaments, or according to a certain symmetrical law. It can be seen in many Zhou Dynasty tombs in Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, etc. They are colorful, the method of tandem is free and free, and the whole piece of jewelry looks lively and lively.
Among these items, mussel jewelry is still a favorite accessory. In the West Zhou ruins of the Liuli River in Fangshan, Beijing, dozens of sea shells were unearthed in the neck and chest of a tomb. These sea shells were tied with small pottery tubes, colored beads, agate beads and round bracts. Make up a string of necklaces. There are also three skeletons of young women buried in the same tomb, and they are also worn on their necks. A shell-like ornament unearthed from the Shaanxi National Cemetery consists of a shell, a small jade dragon, a small jade bird, and a jade fish. The combination of shell and jade ornaments is very interesting. The Shang and Zhou aristocrats also wore wooden tires with perforated wood on both sides, which were very beautiful with seashells, stone shells, turquoise beads and amber beads.
The bead tubes of some stone necklaces are made quite fine. For example, in a tomb of Beixin in Huailai, Hebei Province, 264 turquoise beads were unearthed. Except for a few large ones, most of them were very small, some were like mung beans, and some were like miliary, and there were perforations on them. At the neck of the tomb.
In many necklaces, crystals and vitreous materials that were previously rare are also beginning to appear. For example, the crystal and bone bead necklaces unearthed in the No.1 Tomb of the Old County of Ye County, Henan Province, are about 25 cm long. They are polished amethyst beads, no The crystal beads and the thin round bone tubes are connected in series. The combination of purple, white and light yellow bone beads is orderly and crystal clear. The beading of the Eastern Zhou Tomb of Linjia Langjiazhuang in Shandong Zibo is also a combination of colorless crystal and amethyst. However, the shape of the beadwork is different. There are round tubular shapes, flat squares, prismatic shapes and spherical shapes. The ornaments made of colored glass beads are first seen in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The most representative one is the one unearthed from the Western Zhou Tomb of Fufeng Yuntang, Shaanxi. It is made up of four different forms of white glazed flat beads and green colored glass beads. There are 77 pieces, and the bead and the flat beads are staggered. The color is white and green, and it looks moist and refreshing.
The second type is very similar to the previous one, except that in the middle of the lower part of the whole string, there is a enamel ornament in the string decoration of the Zhou Dynasty. The enamel ornament is used a lot, and even becomes the most important part of a string ornament. . Such items are found in the Xizhou National Cemetery in Baoji, Shaanxi, the Laoguo cemetery in the early Zhou Dynasty to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the Sanmenxia Village of Henan Province, the Hengshui Western Zhou Cemetery in Shanxi Province, and the Fengjia Site in Zhangjiapo Village on the west bank of the Chang'an River in Shaanxi. A major feature of the jewelry.
The third item is very decorative. Most appeared in the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. It is composed of two strands of jade beads, and then two jade beads are incorporated into a jade card with a decorative pattern. There are many kinds of necklaces in this form, such as the monarchs of the cemetery of the Shu Kingdom and the ornaments of the lady Liang Ji. They are made up of agate beads and flat jade ornaments with delicate patterns and pendants. The ruins of Tianmaqu Village in Shanxi Province, Qufu in the old city of Shandong Luguo, the Xianrentaibang National Cemetery in Changqing County, Shandong Province, and the cemetery in Liangcheng Village of Hancheng, Shaanxi Province belong to this category. It seems that this beautiful ornament is in the Central Plains area. It is more common and is owned by the characters of the king's princely level.
The fourth is the most complicated and gorgeous of all the items. Because of their large size, they are all from the chest and abdomen of the tomb owner.
The group attached to the chest is very common. For example, the Qiliulianzhu group jade, which was unearthed from the cemetery in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, is made up of seven pieces of jade from small to large, rising from the neck, through the chest and abdomen to the knee, and Jin The group of chest and abdomen in the cemetery of the cemetery consists of beads, cymbals, rings, cymbals, etc., among which the jade ring is the four ç© ç’œ ç’œ 玉 玉 , , , , , , , , , , , , , The composition is divided into a magnificent piece of jewelry. The other five ç’œ ç 玉 玉 〠〠璜 ç’œ 〠〠〠〠都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是 都是Set of jade ornaments, it is composed of more than 50 pieces of jade enamel. The jade is engraved with two sides, one of which is a dragon head at one end and a head at the end. The shape is very special.
In this type of jewelry, the main ornaments are enamel and enamel, sometimes interspersed with small animal jade ornaments, a set of string ornaments can be divided into many layers in order from top to bottom, and even up to a dozen layers. These unique styles of jewelry are hard to see in the dynasties of the past and later. They are unprecedented in the past, and there is no one to come. These large-scale multi-groups of jade are from the tombs of the monarchs and ladies. The scope of use may be limited to the public, the prince, the monarch and Mrs. or a nobleman with the corresponding title.
The gorgeous combination of chest and jewelry is dazzling, and the aristocrats of the Zhou Dynasty have reached an unprecedented level of jewelry wear.
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